Preparation of ultrafine silica from potash feldspar using sodium carbonate roasting technology

A novel process was developed for the preparation of ultrafine silica from potash feldspar. In the first step, potash feldspar was roasted with Na₂CO₃ and was followed by leaching using NaOH solution to increase the levels of potassium, sodium, and aluminum in the solid residue. The leaching solution was then carbonated to yield ultrafine silica. The optimized reaction conditions in the roasting process were as follows: an Na₂CO₃-to-potash feldspar molar ratio of 1.1, a reaction temperature of 875°C, and a reaction time of 1.5 h. Under these conditions, the extraction rate of SiO₂ was 98.13%. The optimized carbonation conditions included a final solution pH value of 9.0, a temperature of 40°C, a CO₂ flow rate of 6 mL/min, a stirring intensity of 600 r/min, and an ethanol-to-water volume ratio of 1:9. The precipitation rate and granularity of the SiO₂ particles were 99.63% and 200 nm, respectively. We confirmed the quality of the obtained ultrafine silica by comparing the recorded indexes with those specified in Chinese National Standard GB 25576―2010.     

微/纳米无机颗粒对聚氨酯-环氧树脂基复合材料性能的影响

通过机械搅拌混合法制备了微/纳米无机颗粒改性的聚氨酯-环氧树脂复合材料,研究了颗粒组成和含量对复合材料力学和热稳定性的影响,进而探讨了所得复合材料的强韧化机理.结果表明:相比微米颗粒,纳米颗粒的加入能显著提高复合材料的层间剪切强度和拉伸强度,降低层间剪切模量,同时改变材料的断裂方式.当纳米SiC颗粒的添加量(质量分数)为2%时,所得复合材料的层间剪切强度和拉伸强度分别为44.7 MPa和56.56MPa,相比添加前提高约88%和74%,所得复合材料不同失重率下对应的温度较添加前提高了4~8℃.纳米颗粒弥散强化和钝化银纹扩展是复合材料主要的强韧化机理.     

A Novel Approach for Entrapment of Biopolymers in Silica Matrix by Sol-gel Technique

1 Results The entrapment of biopolymers into silica by the sol-gel technique meets with incompatibility of inorganic and bioorganic components. The aim was to develop a compatible procedure biomimicking the biomineralization processes in the living nature. A suggested solution in Ref.[1-2] for the biopolymer entrapment into silica matrix is based on a novel silica precursor. The developed approach is distinguished from the common technique for fabrication of hybrid biopolymer-silica nanocomposite materi...     

纳米固体超强酸SO42-/ZnO催化合成乙酸异戊酯的研究

本文利用纳米固体超强酸SO4^2-/ZnO催化合成乙酸异戊酯的最佳反应条件,既反应时间2.0h,催化剂用量为酸质量的1.0%,酸醇比为1∶2,验证实验产率为96.7%,且该实验反应时间短,无腐蚀无污染,催化剂可回收可重复利用.     

二氧化硅胶态晶体的合成

以正硅酸乙酯为原料，采用控制凝聚法制备出173nm和297nm两种不同粒径的单分散二氧化硅微球乳液，并在一定湿度和温度下，利用乳液的单分散性，在表面张力的驱使下完成微球的自组装，从而得到三维有序的二氧化硅胶态晶体。扫描电镜显示：晶体呈面心立方结构，晶体表面至现出鲜艳的颜色，其波长与微球的直径相对应。     

APPLICATION OF BORON MODIFIED SILICA SOL ON RETENTION AND DRAINAGE

INTRODUCTIONRecently with the high speed, large-scale develop-ment of papermaking, in the manufacture of paper and paperboard conventional single and dual reten-tion and drainage systems cannot obtain satisfying re-tention and drainage. So in 1980 microparticulate systems appeared. Because of its superiority such as good retention effectiveness on fine and chemicals, improving drainage and paper formation, reducing waste water and enhancing the concentration of white water for good recover…     

纳米陶瓷材料制备中的烧结技术

本文主要结合纳米陶瓷的制备工艺,对常见的纳米陶瓷烧结技术的特点和应用进行了综述.     

割缝施工中钢球及颗粒的沉降速度

在水力喷砂割缝施工中，钢球和石英砂的沉降速度和它们到达割缝层位的时间是施工中的一项重要参数，本文针对不同实际情况分别采用层流和紊流运动方程求解了钢球和石英砂的在油管中沉降速度，并计算出了到达井下一定位置所需的时间。从而保证了后续施工的正常进行。     

环境气压干燥新工艺快速合成SiO2气凝胶研究

以廉价的水玻璃为硅源，用乙醇（EtOH）／三甲基氯硅烷（TMCS）／庚烷混合溶液浸泡水凝胺，使对水凝胶的溶剂交换和表面改性在一步完成，在环境干燥条件下合成了SiO2气凝肢．所合成的SiO2气凝肢为轻质透明的块状固体，密度为0．128～0．165g／cm^3，孔隙率92．4％～94．2％．利用FT—IR、SEM、TEM和BET吸附对气凝肢的微观结构和形貌进行了研究，结果表明，气凝胶为纳米介孔结构，粒子直径和孔径分布均匀，断面呈现明显的蜂窝状结构，孔径13nm左右，比表面积约618m^2／g，表面带有较多的Si—CH3基团．     

CaCl2/LiCl改性中孔硅胶的吸附/脱附性能

使用不同的金属盐溶液对中孔硅胶进行改性，并采用间歇式吸附方法研究了水蒸气在硅胶上的吸附动力学实验，利用程序升温脱附技术测定了水在改性硅胶上的程序升温脱附（TPD）曲线并估算了水的脱附活化能，讨论了表面改性对硅胶吸湿性能以及水的脱附活化能的影响．实验结果表明：与C型中孔硅胶相比，经CaCl2或LiCl改性的中孔硅胶，孔容变小而平均孔径变大，在相对湿度（RH）小于80％的范围内，其吸湿性能明显增加，水的脱附活化能也增大；由于Ca^2＋的极化势大于Li^＋的极化势，水分子在经CaCl2改性的硅胶上的脱附活化能要大于其在经LiCl改性硅胶上的脱附活化能．